NewtoMJ
Well-Known Member
The most use I've seen the .50 get is against hard targets. Engine blocks and concrete. The calculation of energy works in a vacuum. Temperature increases or decreases air density, and humidity increases drag. There are classified rounds in use with longer projectiles that have smaller diameters, these rounds retain their energy but decrease atmospherics on the ballistics. If I have to fire outside of effective range, I'm not going to choose a larger caliber. The increased forward surface area increases the unknowns. In one shot situations, knowing as much as possible is key.It's an energy problem. The .50 cal has lots of energy. Smaller calibers have much less. Even at long range the .50 cal delivers devastating energy to a target. During Vietnam, US soldiers used the Browning machine gun as a sniper rifle for long range sniping. It is simply the best sniper round possible in a semi-practical rifle.
E=(MV^2)/2
Nobody shoots a sniper rifle at a hard target (tank, APC, etc) at long, or even short range.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.50_BMG
A common method for understanding the actual power of a cartridge is by comparing muzzle energies. The .30-06 Springfield, the standard caliber for American soldiers in both World Wars and a popular caliber amongst American hunters, can produce muzzle energies between 2,000 and 3,000 foot-pounds of energy (between 3 and 4 kilojoules). The .50 BMG round can produce between 10,000 and 15,000 foot pounds (between 14 and 18 kilojoules), depending on its powder and bullet type, as well as the weapon it was fired from. Due to the high ballistic coefficient of the bullet, the .50 BMG's trajectory also suffers less "drift" from cross-winds than smaller and lighter calibers, making the .50 BMG a good choice for high-powered sniper rifles.